Abstract: Featured ApplicationThis article introduces a crack size extraction and image stitching technology based on image processing that can safely and efficiently obtain the crack information of concrete structures. This work can provide assistance for those who are engaged in the crack detection of concrete bridges. AbstractCrack assessment is an essential process in bridge detection. In general, most non-contact crack detection techniques are not suitable for widespread use. The reason for this is that they all need to position the ruler at the inspection site in advance or calibrate the camera unit pixel size at a certain distance in a very intricate process. However, the object distance method in this paper can complete the calculation using only the crack image and the working distance, which are provided by an acquisition system equipped with a camera and laser range finder. First, the object distance method and the scale method are compared by calculating the crack width, and the results show that the object distance method is the more accurate method. Then, a double edge pixel statistical method is proposed to calculate the crack length, which solves the problem of redundant and missing pixels. In addition, the conventional mosaic algorithm is improved to realize an image mosaic for the more efficient splicing of crack images. Finally, a series of laboratory tests were conducted to verify the proposed approach. The experiments showed that the precision of crack length extraction can reach 92%, and the improved algorithm stitching precision can reach 98%.Keywords: concrete crack; edge detection; image identification; minimum width extraction; double edge pixel statistics; image mosaic algorithm
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I find it hard to believe that in 9 months of alpha no one tried multiple screens at high resolution. You may not want to hear this, but MSFS2020 now supports multiple screens (in a beta release) and I have no trouble running it at ULTRA settings.
Floating in space, a bottle of Dom Pérignon, vintage 2265, cracks against the hull of the new Excelsior-class USS Enterprise-B at the starship's christening ceremony. On the drydock facility, various gathered civilians and Starfleet personnel applaud the christening. On the Enterprise-B bridge, three guests of honor, of the crew of the original USS Enterprise, Captains James T. Kirk and Montgomery Scott and Commander Pavel Chekov, emerge from the turbolift and are immediately surrounded by reporters asking the three legends of Starfleet questions all at once.
In engineering, La Forge finds a new problem: the magnetic interlocks have been ruptured, and while he's reporting this to Riker, plasma coolant begins violently leaking out of the warp core. Evacuating engineering, La Forge tells Riker that he can't shut it down and gives an estimate of five minutes until a warp core breach, rolling out of engineering as the last one out just in time before the isolation door comes down to the floor. On the bridge, Riker orders Troi to evacuate everyone to the saucer section and Data to prepare to separate the ship. The crew and their families hurry to evacuate their doomed stardrive section with Dr. Crusher leading her staff and patients out of sickbay and La Forge guiding the crew to safer locations. As the breach nears critical and with the crew cleared of the stardrive section, the ship separates and begins to move out of range. However, just as Troi begins engaging the impulse engines the core breaches prematurely, completely destroying the damaged stardrive section of the Enterprise and creating a ion shock wave that disables the entire saucer section including all helm controls and pushes the saucer into the atmosphere of Veridian III. On the bridge, the Enterprise crew watches in horror as they begin to plummet toward the surface of the planet. Data, for the first time, swears.
The film review website Rotten Tomatoes calculated a 47% overall approval rate for Generations. [14] BBC reviewer Tom Coates ranked the film at two out of a possible five stars' "Generations feels like three lacklustre episodes of the TV series mashed together with one of the earlier Star Trek movies. Devotees may find it necessary (if depressing) viewing, but there's little here for anyone else." [15] FILM.COM's Lucy Mohl however said of the film, "The meeting of Patrick Stewart's Jean-Luc Picard and William Shatner's James T. Kirk is worth the price of admission or video rental: it's the clash of the titans, Shakespeare meets the Sixties." [16]
Although previous studies have suggested that a two-week adaptation period may be adequate for nutritional studies in ruminants, in this study, the rumen bacterial community began to shift towards a stable bacterial community four weeks following the transition to the new diet and continued to stabilize in the subsequent five weeks. In nutritional studies involving cattle, a two-week adaptation and/or wash-out periods may not permit sufficient time for the rumen microbiome to stabilize. Rather, it is recommended based on this current study that adaptation or wash-out periods of at least eight weeks are incorporated for rumen microbiome and nutritional studies in order to ensure stability of the rumen microbiome. Instability of the rumen microbiome will likely influence nutritional and physiological production, and appropriately, study results. Thus, consideration should be given in the experimental design to account for ruminal microbial stability.
A novel microstirring strategy is applied to accelerate the digestion rate of the substrate N(alpha)-benzoyl-L-arginine-4-nitroanilide (L-BAPA) catalyzed by sol-gel encapsulated trypsin. We use an ac nonlinear electrokinetic vortex flow to stir the solution in a microfluidic reaction chamber to reduce the diffusion length between the immobilized enzyme and substrate in the solution. High-intensity nonlinear electroosmotic microvortices, with angular speeds in excess of 1 cms, are generated around a small ( approximately 1.2 mm) conductive ion exchange granule when ac electric fields (133 Vcm) are applied across a miniature chamber smaller than 10 mul. Coupling between these microvortices and the on-and-off electrophoretic motion of the granule in low frequency (0.1 Hz) ac fields produces chaotic stream lines to stir substrate molecules sufficiently. We demonstrate that, within a 5-min digestion period, the catalytic reaction rate of immobilized trypsin increases almost 30-fold with adequate reproducibility (15%) due to sufficient stirring action through the introduction of the nonlinear electrokinetic vortices. In contrast, low-frequency ac electroosmotic flow without the granule, provides limited stirring action and increases the reaction rate approximately ninefold with barely acceptable reproducibility (30%). Dye molecules are used to characterize the increases in solute diffusivity in the reaction reservoir in which sol-gel particles are placed, with and without the presence of granule, and compared with the static case. The solute diffusivity enhancement data show respective increases of approximately 30 and approximately 8 times, with and without the presence of granule. These numbers are consistent with the ratios of the enhanced reaction rate.
Electrokinetic processes provide the basis of a range of very interesting techniques for the remediation of polluted soils. These techniques consist of the application of a current field in the soil that develops different transport mechanisms capable of mobilizing several types of pollutants. However, the use of these techniques could generate nondesirable effects related to the geomechanical behavior of the soil, reducing the effectiveness of the processes. In the case of the remediation of polluted soils with plasticity index higher than 35, an excessive shrinkage can be observed in remediation test. For this reason, the continued evaporation that takes place in the sample top can lead to the development of cracks, distorting the electrokinetic transport regime, and consequently, the development of the operation. On the other hand, when analyzing silty soils, in the surroundings of injection surfactant wells, high seepages can be generated that give rise to the development of piping processes. In this article methods are described to allow a reduction, or to even eliminate, both problems.
The poor mobility of organic pollutants in contaminated sites frequently results in slow remediation processes. Organics, especially hydrophobic compounds, are generally retained strongly in soil matrix as a result of sorption, sequestration, or even formation into non-aqueous-phase liquids and their mobility is thus greatly reduced. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using non-uniform electrokinetic transport processes to enhance the mobility of organic pollutants in unsaturated soils with no injection reagents. Phenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), and kaolin and a natural sandy loam soil were selected as model organics and soils, respectively. The results showed that non-uniform electrokinetics can accelerate the desorption and movement of phenol and 2,4-DCP in unsaturated soils. Electromigration and electroosmotic flow were the main driving forces, and their role in the mobilization of phenol and 2,4-DCP varied with soil pH. The movement of 2,4-DCP in the sandy loam towards the anode (about 1.0 cmd(-1)V(-1)) was 1.0-1.5 cmd(-1)V(-1) slower than that in the kaolin soil, but about 0.5 cmd(-1)V(-1) greater than that of phenol in the sandy loam. When the sandy loam was adjusted to pH 9.3, the movement of phenol and 2,4-DCP towards the anode was about twice and five times faster than that at pH 7.7, respectively. The results also demonstrated that the movement of phenol and 2,4-DCP in soils can be easily controlled by regulating the operational mode of electric field. It is believed that non-uniform electrokinetics has the potential for practical application to in situ remediation of organics-contaminated sites. 2ff7e9595c
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